Swiss Money Map

The project "Swiss Money Map" provides a spatial analysis of cash access points in Switzerland. We map and monitor automated teller machines (ATM), bank branch locations, and post offices in Switzerland. We combine these data with population characteristics to provide information on how far Swiss residents have to travel to reach the closest cash access point. We further calculate how much time it takes to access cash by car and public transport. As digital transactions become more widespread, understanding the spatial dynamics of cash access is crucial to anticipate risks of financial exclusion and design inclusive solutions. We therefore hope to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of optimal cash circulation.

The Swiss Money Map is a project of the Center for Financial Services Innovation at the University of St.Gallen.

ATMs and Bank Branches in Switzerland over time

Source: snb.ch

Access to ATMs

Scope: Withdraw banknotes

Distance and travel time to the nearest ATM (year 2025)

Closest ATM is selected by lowest travel time by car per hectare. Population weights use STATPOP 2024 BBTOT.

Distance and travel time to the nearest ATM by population share (year 2025)

Cumulative shares show the population living in hectares below each threshold.

Access to Bank Branches

Scope: Withdraw banknotes

Distance and travel time to the nearest bank branch (year 2025)

Closest bank branch is selected by lowest travel time by car per hectare. Population weights use STATPOP 2024 BBTOT.

Distance and travel time to the nearest bank branche by population share (year 2025)

Cumulative shares show the population living in hectares below each threshold.

Access to Post Branches

Scope: Withdraw banknotes

Distance and travel time to the nearest post branch (year 2025)

Closest post branch is selected by lowest travel time by car per hectare. Population weights use STATPOP 2024 BBTOT.

Distance and travel time to the nearest post branch by population share (year 2025)

Cumulative shares show the population living in hectares below each threshold.

Travel time

Filters

Distribution of average travel time by region

Population-weighted quantiles across municipalities. Weights: STATPOP 2024 BBTOT.

Travel time distribution by municipality type

Share of population by travel time bucket. Weights: STATPOP 2024 BBTOT.

Car Travel Distance

Filters

Distribution of average distance by region

Population-weighted quantiles across municipalities. Weights: STATPOP 2024 BBTOT.

Distance distribution by municipality type

Share of population by distance bucket. Weights: STATPOP 2024 BBTOT.

Swiss Money Map

The project "Swiss Money Map" provides a spatial analysis of cash access points in Switzerland. Our aim is to provide an analytical tool to monitor cash access points. As digital transactions become more widespread, understanding the spatial dynamics of cash access is crucial to anticipate risks of financial exclusion and design inclusive solutions. We therefore hope to contribute to a comprehensive understanding of optimal cash circulation.

The Swiss Money Map is a project of the Center for Financial Services Innovation at the University of St.Gallen.

The project was inspired by similar analyses in other countries such as:
Austria: OeNB A spatial analysis of access to ATMs in Austria
UK: Access to cash coverage in the UK
Australia: How far do Australians need to travel to access cash?

We encourage other researchers to join our initiative. This involves collecting and sharing data on cash access points in other countries. This would enable us to harmonise and measure cash accessibility across different countries.

See, for example:
A Cross-Country Comparison of the Spatial Distribution of Cash Access Points in Switzerland and France

Data, Definitions & Calculations

Data Sources

Population

The number of residents in a hectare is based on the BFS dataset STATPOP At the time of update, the most recent version of STATPOP is used. The dataset provides information on the population residing within a specific hectare. The sum of the hectare values can slightly deviate from the total population in a municipality as a) not all persons of a municipality can always be clearly assigned to a hectare what results in "residual population" and b) for data privacy reasons, there is a minimum displayed value. These statistical properties of the data should not have a strong impact on the overall results.

ATMs

The list of ATMs contains all Swiss ATMs provided by the Swiss National Bank (SNB).

Bank Branches

The list of bank branches contain all bank branches that offer cash services (banknotes/coin deposit/withdrawal) provided by the SNB.

Post Branches

The list of post branches contain all post branches and post agencies that offer cash services (banknotes/coin deposit/withdrawal).

Calculations of Distances/Travel Times

Distances are measured from the center of each hectare to the nearest access points, categorized by type, service, and transport mode.

For locations within a 500-meter radius of an access point, we calculate the Euclidean distance based on the assumption that individuals will walk. Beyond this 500-meter threshold, driving travel times and road distances are calculated using the OSRM routing engine. Up to 15 geographically nearest candidate access points were identified for each hectare and each access point type/service combination. OSRM then calculates the actual driving time and road distance to each of these 15 access points. The candidate with the lowest travel time was selected as the nearest access point, and its travel time and road distance were reported. These car-based calculations assume a departure at 8:00 AM with free-flowing traffic conditions.

For public transport, travel times were calculated using the opentransportdata.swiss API. Up to five of the nearest candidate access points were evaluated per hectare and access point type/service combination, and the one with the shortest travel time was selected. These estimates are based on a departure at 8:00 AM on a typical Monday morning and do not take into account initial waiting times or service delays.

Results

Further results and data downloads are provided by the SNB .

Contact

University of St.Gallen, Center for Financial Services Innovation (FSI-HSG), Dr. Tobias Trütsch: tobias.truetsch@unisg.ch

Data preparation, calculation & dashboard: Novalytica AG